Dirk ALVERMANN
Editeur : Steidl
Année de parution : 2012
À l’automne 2011, Steidl a publié sous l’égide de Martin Parr The Protest Box, qui rassemble des éditions en fac-similés de cinq livres de photos devenus introuvables, traitant chacun à leur façon du thème de la résistance politique. Algerien (Algérie), de Dirk Alvermann, est l’un de ceux-ci. En rendant visite au photographe, dans son studio, pour discuter des détails du reprint, Gerhard Steidl découvrit l’histoire captivante de la première publication, ce qui le décida à en procurer une nouvelle édition.Jeune homme rebelle fasciné par la lutte du peuple algérien pour sa liberté, Dirk Alvermann avait vingt ans lorsqu’au début des années 1950 il franchit la frontière très surveillée de la Tunisie pour gagner l’est algérien, aux côtés d’une unité du FLN, et livrer un témoignage photographique des événements. De retour en Allemagne de l’Ouest, il entreprit de faire publier ses clichés par Rowohlt Verlag. Ernst Rowohlt, le fondateur – âgé – de la maison d’édition, examina la maquette et promit à Alvermann qu’il publierait le livre. Mais quand celui-ci eut terminé la mise en page, les rênes de la maison était entre-temps passés dans les mains de Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. Alvermann avait conçu son ouvrage pour être un livre de poche afin d’avoir le public le plus large possible. Il souhaitait qu’il passe de main en main, comme un manifeste politique : de ce point de vue, le format « rowohlts-rotations-romane », qui avait vu le jour en 1950, semblait idéal.Juste à cette époque, une délégation officieuse du FLN était en visite à Bonn, alors capitale de la République fédérale. Elle menait des négociations avec Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski, député d’opposition social-démocrate au Bundestag. Alors que ces discussions avaient lieu, l’organisation terroriste La Main rouge fit exploser une voiture piégée dans un attentat qui coûta la vie à de nombreuses personnes. La situation politique tendue, la crainte de s’aliéner des lecteurs ou des auteurs francophiles expliquent que Ledig-Rowohlt ait alors préféré retirer l’ouvrage de son catalogue de nouveautés. La guerre d’Algérie et le combat du FLN étaient manifestement des questions trop embarrassantes dans la République fédérale du chancelier Adenauer, qui avait fait de la réconciliation avec la France l’un de ses objectifs majeurs. Alvermann trouva meilleur accueil pour son projet politique et photographique en RDA : la maison d’édition de Berlin-Est Rütten & Loening était disposée à publier son livre, à condition cependant que ce soit sous un grand format. Alvermann, lui, tenait à l’idée du format de poche, qu’il avait en tête lorsqu’il avait conçu la mise en page. Un accord finit par être trouvé : le livre allait sortir en petit format mais sous une couverture reliée.Cette nouvelle édition de L’Algérie revient au dessein premier du photographe : le livre adopte le traditionnel format « rororo » sous la couverture cartonnée souhaitée et, s’agissant du contenu, correspond jusque dans le moindre détail au projet initial. Les photographies sont accompagnées de documents politiques d’époque, extraits de rapports militaires, de journaux ou de pamphlets.Plus de cinquante ans après sa première publication, il est plus d’actualité que jamais puisqu’il évoque la lutte d’un peuple contre l’oppression et le despotisme, qu’il s’agisse hier du colonialisme européen ou aujourd’hui d’une dictature autochtone.Traduction : Lionel Leforestier ALGERIAIn the fall of 2011, Steidl published The Protest Box under the aegis of Martin Parr, a collection of exact replicas of five out of print photo books that each in their own way focused on the theme of political opposition. Algeria (Algérie), by Dirk Alvermann, is one of those. While visiting the photographer in his studio to discuss the details of the reprint, Gerhard Steidl discovered the captivating story of the book’s first printing, which convinced him to acquire an original copy.A young rebel fascinated by the Algerian people’s fight for liberty, Dirk Alvermann was only 20 in the early 1950’s when he crossed the heavily controlled Tunisian border towards eastern Algeria where he photographed the events alongside an FLN unit. Upon his return to West Germany, he presented his pictures to Rowohlt Verlag. The publishing house’s aged founder Ernst Rowohlt studied his proposition and promised he would publish a book.However, by the time the page layout was finally finished, the publishing house had changed hands and was being run by Heinrich Maria Ledig-Rowohlt. Alvermann had imagined his book as a small paperback capable of touching the widest number of readers possible. He hoped it would pass from reader to reader, like a political manifesto: from this point of view, the “rowohlts-rotary-romane”1 format, which was developed in 1950, seemed ideal.
At this very moment, an official FLN delegation was in Bonn, then capital of the German Republic. They were undergoing negotiations with Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski, deputy of the social-democratic opposition at the Bundestag. While discussions were taking place, the Main Rouge2 terrorist organization set off a car bomb killing several people. The political situation was tense, the fear of alienating French readers or writers led Ledig-Rowohlt to remove the book from its catalog of new releases.The war in Algeria and the FLN combat were issues far too embarrassing for Chancellor Adenauer’s Federal Republic, one of whose primary goals was reconciliation with France. Alvermann found a better reception for his political and photographic project in East Germany where Rütten & Loening Books were ready to print his book under the condition that it run with a glossy large format. Alvermann was attached to his idea of a small paperback, the format he had imagined when preparing the layout. They came to an agreement, the book would run in a small format but with a bound cover.This new edition of Algeria was coherent with the photographer’s first intention: the book ran in the traditional “rororo” format with a hard-backed cover and included, editorially, the entirety of the original project. The pictures featured were accompanied by political documents of the time period, excerpts from military reports, newspapers or flyers.More than 50 years after its first printing, it is now more relevant than ever with its observation of a people’s fight against oppression and despotism, whether referring to European colonialism of the past or of today’s local dictatorships.
At this very moment, an official FLN delegation was in Bonn, then capital of the German Republic. They were undergoing negotiations with Hans-Jürgen Wischnewski, deputy of the social-democratic opposition at the Bundestag. While discussions were taking place, the Main Rouge2 terrorist organization set off a car bomb killing several people. The political situation was tense, the fear of alienating French readers or writers led Ledig-Rowohlt to remove the book from its catalog of new releases.The war in Algeria and the FLN combat were issues far too embarrassing for Chancellor Adenauer’s Federal Republic, one of whose primary goals was reconciliation with France. Alvermann found a better reception for his political and photographic project in East Germany where Rütten & Loening Books were ready to print his book under the condition that it run with a glossy large format. Alvermann was attached to his idea of a small paperback, the format he had imagined when preparing the layout. They came to an agreement, the book would run in a small format but with a bound cover.This new edition of Algeria was coherent with the photographer’s first intention: the book ran in the traditional “rororo” format with a hard-backed cover and included, editorially, the entirety of the original project. The pictures featured were accompanied by political documents of the time period, excerpts from military reports, newspapers or flyers.More than 50 years after its first printing, it is now more relevant than ever with its observation of a people’s fight against oppression and despotism, whether referring to European colonialism of the past or of today’s local dictatorships.
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